Thermostat



(No Model).

H. A. TOBEY.

THERMOSTAT.

No. 548,330. Patented Oct. 22, 1895.

Nrrnn STATES ATENT Orricn.

THERMOSTAT.v

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 548,330, dated October 22, 1895.

Application lled July 9, 1894:- Serial No. 517,001- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY ARCHIBALD TOBEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Toledo, in the county of Lucas and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Thermostats; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to an improvement in thermostats. The device shown is designed to mix hot and cold water and other liquids, so that the mixture may be discharged at a uniform temperature, regardless of the variation of temperature of either the hot or cold water entering the device. It is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a central vertical longitudinal section on line x w, Fig. 3. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the valve-chamber from above, showing a portion of the shell broken away. Fig. 3 is a front view with a portion of the front covering broken away, exposing a dial, cogwheel, and pinion designed to show the mode of adjusting the temperature. Fig. 4 is a section through y y of Fig. 5. Fig. 5 isa cross-section through Fig. 1 on line z z, looking toward the rear end of the device, as indicated by arrow.

Referring to the drawings, A is the body or shell. Y

B is a circular casting or plate bolted onto the open end of said shellA at a. There are two openings in plate B-b and b. secured into these openings are tubes C and C', which are made of brass, copper, or some material having a large ratio of expansion by heat. The opposite ends of said tubes are rigidly secured at c and c into openings in a casting D, which incloses a chamber d. yBolted onto casting D is a plate or cap E, which closes chamber d in casting D.

F and F are rods of iron or other material having alow ratio of expansion by heat, which rest loosely inpipes C and C', respectively. In the space or chamber d, formed by cap E and casting D, is lever G, said lever having fulcrum g, which fulcrum is bolted to the cap E and has bearing for the lever G similar to the knife-edge in scale-levers. Rod F presses Rigidlyv against the short arm of lever G atf. Rod FA rests against lever Gat f. The bearings f and f are smallrods of steel which press against flat faces on the ends of rods F and F.` The outer lor right-hand end of rod F rests against a screwrod H. The outer or right-hand end of rod lF has a knife-edge which bears against lever K at le. Said lever K has fulcrum J, which is supported by two lugs j andl j', cast integral with casting or plate B. The lower or free end of lever K is bifurcated, straddles a piston-rod M, and presses against adiskm, which disk is rigidly connected to the outer end of rod M.

N is a cylinder or barrel which incloses a stift spiral spring 71 coiled'onr'od M.' Onthe inner or left-hand end of rod M is a disk m', against which rests one end of the spiral spring lnwhile the opposite end of said spiral spring presses against an offset or shoulder on the inside of the barrel N. The opposite end of the barrel N is closed and has rigidly admits ycold water from a pipe P3, and bothv valve-chambers discharge into a central auxiliary chamber R through ports r and r2.

This chamber is formed at the bottom of body A and communicates with the interior of said body through an opening r. S is the outletpassage-from body A, which connects with discharge-pipe S.

T is a bracket secured to bodyA and forms a support and guide for valve-rod O. It also forms a bearing for one end of a second but weaker spiral spring o on rod O.

ozis a disk rigidly fastened to inner end of rod` O, against which presses the opposite end ot spiral'spring o.

Having thus named the essential parts of my device, the operation is as follows: The tubes O and C being of brass or of some material having a greater expansion by heat than the iron rods F and F', whenthe water in the shell A cools said tubes will shorten. being fixed at their outer or right-hand ends in casting B, the movement caused by their- They contraction will take place at their inner ends, and this will carry with them casting D. Rod F rests firmly against screw H. Therefore contact-point f is fixed, and the. pressure of the fulcrum g against lever G causes the free or long end of said lever te press against rod F, which moves longitudinally in pipe C and transfers this motion to lever K, causing the free end of lever K to move outward, carrying with it rod M and valve-rod o, which tends to close cold-water valve P and open wider hot-water valve P, ad Knitting more hot water and lessening the inow of cold water. Vhen the mixed hot and cold water in body A again becomes warmer, pipes C and C will expand or elongate, which will allow lever K to move inward bythe action of thevweaker spiral spring o', thu's tending to close the valve admitting hot water and open,- in g wider the valve admitting cold water, by which means the water discharged at outlet S from the body A may be maintained at practically a uniform temperature.

The means for controlling the temperature and their operation is as follows:`

H is a shaft, bearing pinion-wheel h. Thev outer end of shaft H is of suitable shape to` receive a wrench or key. The inner end of shaft H is screw-threaded and is received into a bosscast on the face of plate B; The inner end of said shaft Il comes in contact with rod F. (Shown by dotted lines in Fig.` l.)

U is a cap or easementresting against plate B and held in position by screws u u u.

V is a cog-wheel driven by pinion-wheel h and is supported on shaft @",w-hich is secu-redinto easement U. Cog-wheelV is graduated. Opening W in easement U exposes the numbers on the dial-face of cog-wheel- V as they pass opposite said openings.

` When shaft H is'turued to the right', it is screwed inward, carrying before it rod F", which presses against the short arm ofl lever G, causing the long arm to move in an opposite direction, which imparts its mot-ion` by rod F to lever K, resulting in openingA widerhot-water valve Pand tending to close coidwater valve P. Therefore a higher deg-ree of temperature in the chamber of the shellA would be required to expand pipes C and C f sufciently to allow hot-water valve P to close and cold-water valve P to open. ln rotating shaftf ll cog-wheelV would be turned, andthe figures on its dial` could be made to indicate at opening XV the temperature of.V the water being discharged at pipe S. Spiral springt@J in barrel N is for the purpose of guarding against breaking or straining the apparatus when the temperature gets below the point where valve P would be closed. Should the temperature get below1 this point, the spiral spring n would be compressed as lever K moved outward and prevent auystraining or breaking of the parts.'

lt is obvious that my device coul-d be used in any form of chamber or receiver otherthan that shown formed by shell A, and that lever K could be made to operate a steam-valve,4 damper, or other mechanism for controlling and regulating temperature.

Having thus described my invention, what I Gleim isf- 1. In a thermostatic mixing device the combination with a body for containing liquid provided with entrance and discharge passages, of expansive tubes within said body, a rod of less ratio of expansion than said tubes placed in each of the tubes, one of said rods freel to move in onei of said tubes, while the rod within the other tube is held against moving, a casting within the body in which the ends of said tubes are secured, a lever within said casting against which said rods bear, and a valve levenat the opposite end and outside of said body, and against which one end ofl the said moving rod is adapted to bear when its carrying tube is expanded, substantially as and forthe purpose described.

2. `A thermostatic mixing device having a body provided with an auxiliary mixing chamber communicatingwith said body, in combination with an outside casing secured to said body, separate hot and cold water chambers within said casing, each communieating with said mixing chamber, a supply pipe foreach of said hot and cold water chambets, a valve in each of said chambers for controlling the supplies, a thermostat situated within said body, a lever pivoted outside of said body and connected with said thermostat, a valve rodconnected with said lever and said valves, said lever-operated by said thermostat and said rod and valveoperated by said lever, substantially as described.

3. In athermostatic mxingdevice the combination with a body for containing liquid, an expansion tube within the body, a casting at the inner end of said body to which the said tube is connected, ay rod within said tube, said rod extending out of said tube and provided at its outer end with a knife edge, a pivoted lever outside of said body, disconnected from but adapted to bear at one end against the said outer edge of said rod, and be operated thereby, a valve rod, to which the opposite end of said leveris connected, and by which said valve rod is moved, a mixing chamber connected with said body and valves within said chamber connected to and operated by said valve rod, substantially as described.

4. A containing body in combination with an expansion tube within said body, a rod within said tube of less expansive quality than the tube, a box to which one end of said tube i-s secured, a lever within said box against which said rod is adapted to bear, a fulcrum secured to and within said box on which the said leveris rockedby said rod, a cap at the opposite end of the body to which the other endof said tube is sccureda screw-rod extending intosaid tube and impinging against IIS said rod, a pinion on said shaft, a cog wheel engaging with said pinion and provided with a dial, and means for turning said shaft, a Valve rod and valves thereon, connected with said' lever within the box whereby the temperature of the thermostat is controlled,sub stantially as described.

5. In combination with the lever G and its casing, the tubes C and C secured to said casing, the movable rods F and F respectively within said tubes and operated by said lever, the pivoted lever K operated by the rod F, the valve rod O, valves P and P', operated by the lever K, and the casing and chambers inclosing said valves, substantially as described.

6. A thermostat body; A, provided at one end with a easement, U, at its bottom with an auxiliary mixing chamber, R, having an opening into the said body, and at its top with an outlet passage, S,and a discharge pipe, S', in combination with a spring controlled valve mechanism in said auxiliary mixing chamber, a lever operating said valve mechanism, extendinginto said easement, and thermostatic means placed within the body A and actuating said lever, substantially as described.

7. In a thermostatic device the combination with a containing shell or body, of an interior movable casing at one end of said body, said casing forming a chamber, d, a lever within said chamber, and a fulcrum bearing for said lever, rods connected with and operated by said lever and extending out from said chamber into the said body, expanding tubes iuclosing said rods and fixed at their ends to the said casing, whereby when said tubes expand or contract and move said casing, the said lever will operate to move said rods, whereby the temperature of the iuid passing through said body and around said tubes is controlled by the operation of said rods, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I afx my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HENRY ARCHIBALD TOBEY.

Wi'tn esses:

H. C. HAYs, F. D. ELMER. 

